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Optic Plate

Coherent Optical Mirror Plate Cat 45 5261 000
Coherent Optical Mirror Plate Cat 45 5261 000 $59.99
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Melles Griot Model 03BTF001 Optic Plate
Melles Griot Model 03BTF001 Optic Plate $19.99
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Hocking Depression Glass Block Optic 3 Salad Plates
Hocking Depression Glass Block Optic 3 Salad Plates $23.99
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Hocking Depression Glass Block Optic 2 Salad Plates
Hocking Depression Glass Block Optic 2 Salad Plates $15.99
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Allen Bradley 800A N10C Square Lens Cap w Optic Plate
Allen Bradley 800A N10C Square Lens Cap w Optic Plate $1.50
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Coherent Optical Mirror Plate Cat 45 5295 000
Coherent Optical Mirror Plate Cat 45 5295 000 $59.99
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Corelle OPTIC 2 Dinner Plates Black Lines on White FREE US SHIPPING
Corelle OPTIC 2 Dinner Plates Black Lines on White  FREE US SHIPPING $22.99
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Two Wheel Cut Elegant Glass Optic Panel Sherbet Plates
Two Wheel Cut Elegant Glass Optic Panel Sherbet Plates $14.00
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Optical TOS Cable TOSLink Lead Digital Audio Gold Plated 2m
Optical TOS Cable TOSLink Lead Digital Audio Gold Plated 2m $4.05
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ABI PRISM 96 WELL OPTICAL REACTION PLATE WITH BARCODE code128
ABI PRISM 96 WELL OPTICAL REACTION PLATE WITH BARCODE code128 $60.00
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20 FT Optical Digital Audio Toslink Cable Gold Plated 20ft sound wire cord v2
20 FT Optical Digital Audio Toslink Cable Gold Plated 20ft sound wire cord v2 $6.75
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4 Digital Optical Audio CABLE Gold Plated TOSLink to Mini for Mac DV M M
4 Digital Optical Audio CABLE Gold Plated TOSLink to Mini for Mac DV M M $14.24
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3 IMPERIAL GLASS TWISTED OPTIC AMBER 6 SHERBET PLATES
3 IMPERIAL GLASS TWISTED OPTIC AMBER 6 SHERBET PLATES $3.99
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Green Depression Glass Set of 12 Block Optic 8 1 2 Plates No Chips etc NR
Green Depression Glass Set of 12 Block Optic 8 1 2 Plates No Chips etc NR $59.99
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4 GREEN BLOCK OPTIC 6 PLATES
4 GREEN BLOCK OPTIC 6 PLATES $8.50
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Corelle OPTIC Salad Plate Plates EXCELLENT CONDITION
Corelle OPTIC  Salad Plate Plates EXCELLENT CONDITION $3.25
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4 Perfect Imperial Glass Twisted Optic 8 Plates Green
4 Perfect Imperial Glass Twisted Optic 8 Plates Green $19.99
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Collimator Telescope Laser Stand Mount KE Brunson Surface plate optical table
Collimator Telescope Laser Stand Mount KE Brunson Surface plate optical table $127.00
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6 Imperial Twisted Optic Green Depression Vaseline Glass Salad Plate Swirl type
6 Imperial Twisted Optic Green Depression Vaseline Glass Salad Plate Swirl type $19.99 (1 Bid)
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Fiber Optic Beaded Silver Plated Beaded Necklace NWOT GREAT FOR THE HOLIDAYS
Fiber Optic Beaded  Silver Plated Beaded Necklace NWOT GREAT FOR THE HOLIDAYS $17.95
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TIFFIN CUT GLASS OPTIC FRUIT BOWL PLATE X 10
TIFFIN CUT GLASS OPTIC FRUIT BOWL  PLATE X 10 $199.95
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Cobalt Block Optic Plate Salad Plate
Cobalt Block Optic Plate  Salad Plate $9.99
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Green depression block optic lunch plate set of 8
Green depression block optic lunch plate set of 8 $99.99
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TOSLINK Digital Optical Audio Cable 150cm Gold plated connectors
TOSLINK Digital Optical Audio Cable 150cm Gold plated connectors $19.99
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Green Block Optic Luncheon Plate by Hocking Class Co 8 1 4
Green Block Optic Luncheon Plate by Hocking Class Co 8 1 4 $3.99
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2 Cambridge Glass Caprice Clear 4 Toed Bowl Cabaret Plate 1936 1958 Optic 300
2 Cambridge Glass Caprice Clear 4 Toed Bowl Cabaret Plate 1936 1958 Optic 300 $39.99
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6 Feet Optical Toslink Male to Male Fiber Optic Gold Plated Cable+Gift
6 Feet Optical Toslink Male to Male Fiber Optic Gold Plated Cable+Gift $5.99
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Aluminum Alloy Optical Full Rim Titanium Plated Frame
Aluminum Alloy Optical Full Rim Titanium Plated Frame $11.72
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Anchor Hocking BLOCK OPTIC Green 9 Dinner PLATE
Anchor Hocking BLOCK OPTIC Green 9 Dinner PLATE $23.95
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Electro Optical replacement plate 26800161 9240 003 61
Electro Optical replacement plate 26800161 9240 003 61 $341.00
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Electro Optical replacement plate 6650 01 088 5005
Electro Optical replacement plate 6650 01 088 5005 $441.00
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Vintage Sets 2 Lime Green Optic Crystal Juice Tumblers Snack Plates
Vintage Sets 2 Lime Green Optic Crystal Juice Tumblers Snack Plates $29.95
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Donegan Optical da4 Optivisor w Lens Plate 4
Donegan Optical da4 Optivisor w Lens Plate 4 $48.45
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Imperial Green Depression Glass Twisted Optic 8 Luncheon Plates Set of 6
Imperial Green Depression Glass Twisted Optic 8 Luncheon Plates Set of 6 $29.99
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4 Fenton DIAMOND OPTIC Green Depression Glass Octagonal Luncheon Salad Plates
4 Fenton DIAMOND OPTIC Green Depression Glass Octagonal Luncheon Salad Plates $18.00
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5 Jeannette Pink Hex Optic Dessert Salad Depression Glass Plates
5 Jeannette Pink Hex Optic Dessert Salad Depression Glass Plates $29.00
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DEPRESSION GLASS BLOCK OPTIC PATTERN GREEN LOT OF 4 PLATES 8
DEPRESSION GLASS BLOCK OPTIC PATTERN GREEN LOT OF 4 PLATES 8 $49.99
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Block Optic green 9 snowflake dinner plates2
Block Optic green 9 snowflake dinner plates2 $17.99
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BEAUTIFUL FENTON PICKLE CASTOR SILVER PLATE GREEN OPALESCENT SPIRAL OPTIC PAT
BEAUTIFUL FENTON PICKLE CASTOR SILVER PLATE GREEN OPALESCENT SPIRAL OPTIC PAT $149.99
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VTG OLD HAZEL ATLAS AMBER GLASS OPTIC THUMBPRINT PEDESTAL CAKE PLATE STAND 9 7 8
VTG OLD HAZEL ATLAS AMBER GLASS OPTIC THUMBPRINT PEDESTAL CAKE PLATE STAND 9 7 8 $24.99
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Green Depression Glass Block Optic Set of 4 Dinner Plates Anchor Hocking 1929 33
Green Depression Glass Block Optic Set of 4 Dinner Plates Anchor Hocking 1929 33 $26.00 (2 Bids)
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Green Depression Block Optic Set of 4 Luncheon Salad Plates Anchor Hocking
Green Depression Block Optic Set of 4 Luncheon Salad Plates Anchor Hocking $24.95
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Green Depression Block Optic Set of 4 Sherbet Bread Plates Anchor Hocking
Green Depression Block Optic Set of 4 Sherbet Bread Plates Anchor Hocking $9.95
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EARRINGS GOLD PLATE FIBER OPTIC CHIPS
EARRINGS GOLD PLATE FIBER OPTIC CHIPS $3.50
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2x 2M Gold Plated Digital Optical Audio TosLink Cable
2x 2M Gold Plated Digital Optical Audio TosLink Cable $8.50
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Audio 2000s 67ft Digital Audio Optical Fiber Toslink Cable Gold Plated
Audio 2000s 67ft Digital Audio Optical Fiber Toslink Cable Gold Plated $10.99
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Block Optic 9 Dinner Plates 8
Block Optic 9 Dinner Plates 8 $55.00
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Microsoft XBOX 360 HDMI AV Optical RCA Adapter Gold Plated Cable KMD New
Microsoft XBOX 360 HDMI AV Optical RCA Adapter Gold Plated Cable KMD New $13.95
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2 Corelle Corning OPTIC SALAD Plates 7 1 8
2 Corelle Corning OPTIC SALAD Plates 7 1 8 $3.79
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CHT Optical Wall Plate
CHT Optical Wall Plate $9.72
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Anchor Hocking Glass BLOCK OPTIC Green Plate Bread Butter 6 1 8 Depression
Anchor Hocking Glass BLOCK OPTIC Green Plate Bread  Butter 6 1 8 Depression $4.99
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12 Fostoria Glass 2283 Blue Salad Plates NON OPTIC EC
12 Fostoria Glass 2283 Blue Salad Plates NON OPTIC EC $195.00
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HDMI Component 3RCA Toslink Optical Audio Wall Plate
HDMI Component 3RCA Toslink Optical Audio Wall Plate $14.61
Time Remaining: 2d 23h 19m
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Vintage Salt Pepper Original Silver Plate Lids Block Optic Excellent Cond
Vintage Salt  Pepper Original Silver Plate Lids Block Optic Excellent Cond $12.88
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set 4 Anchor Hocking Green Block Optic Dinner Plates Vaseline Depression Glass
set 4 Anchor Hocking Green Block Optic Dinner Plates Vaseline Depression Glass $49.95
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1 Anchor Hocking Green Block Optic Dinner Plates Vaseline Depression Glass
1 Anchor Hocking Green Block Optic Dinner Plates Vaseline Depression Glass $14.95
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Hocking Glass Green Block Optic Plate Center Design
Hocking Glass Green Block Optic Plate Center Design $9.60
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set 4 Anchor Hocking BLOCK OPTIC GREEN Bread and Butter Plates Depression Glass
set 4 Anchor Hocking BLOCK OPTIC GREEN Bread and Butter Plates Depression Glass $19.95
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Diana Casey Visions Of Eagle Ridge STATELY SUMMIT Optical Illusion Eagle Plate
Diana Casey Visions Of Eagle Ridge STATELY SUMMIT Optical Illusion Eagle Plate $24.99
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Diana Casey Visions Of Eagle Ridge FLIGHT OF A GENERATION Optical Illusion Plate
Diana Casey Visions Of Eagle Ridge FLIGHT OF A GENERATION Optical Illusion Plate $24.99
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Leviton BLANK Fiber Optic Plate Rack Patch Panel Mount
Leviton BLANK Fiber Optic Plate Rack Patch Panel Mount $4.95
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PROUD TO BE AN OPTICAL TECHNICIAN LICENSE PLATE FRAME
PROUD TO BE AN OPTICAL TECHNICIAN LICENSE PLATE FRAME $14.99
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PROUD BE ELECTRO OPTICAL ENGINEER LICENSE PLATE FRAME
PROUD BE ELECTRO OPTICAL ENGINEER LICENSE PLATE FRAME $14.99
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VINTAGE GREEN DEPRESSION GLASS HEXAGONAL 8 LUNCHEON PLATE HEX OPTIC HONEYCOMB
VINTAGE GREEN DEPRESSION GLASS HEXAGONAL 8 LUNCHEON PLATE HEX OPTIC HONEYCOMB $0.99
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Jam Skates Vanilla Diamond Walker Sunlite Plates Optic Skate wheels Sizes 4 13
Jam Skates Vanilla Diamond Walker Sunlite Plates Optic Skate wheels Sizes 4 13 $399.00
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Anchor Hocking Block Optic Pink Depression Salad Plate
Anchor Hocking Block Optic Pink Depression Salad Plate $3.99
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Anchor Hocking BLOCK OPTIC GREEN 9 Dinner Plate Depression Glass
Anchor Hocking BLOCK OPTIC GREEN 9 Dinner Plate Depression Glass $19.95
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ACER TRAVELMATE 220 OPTICAL DRIVE BRACKET PLATE
ACER TRAVELMATE 220 OPTICAL DRIVE BRACKET PLATE $15.59
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ACER TRAVELMATE 240 244LC OPTICAL DRIVE BRACKET PLATE
ACER TRAVELMATE 240 244LC OPTICAL DRIVE BRACKET PLATE $9.39
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DELL D500 OPTICAL DRIVE BRACKET PLATE
DELL D500 OPTICAL DRIVE BRACKET PLATE $18.80
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2 SETS Bill Acceptor Face Plate optic light and bracket
2 SETS Bill Acceptor Face Plate optic light and bracket $29.99
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3 SETS Bill Acceptor Face Plate optic light and bracket
3 SETS Bill Acceptor Face Plate optic light and bracket $34.99
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5 Anchor Hocking Block Optic dessert plates Vaseline
5 Anchor Hocking Block Optic dessert plates Vaseline $29.99
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Christopher Stuart DIAMOND OPTIC Dinner Plate 10 1 4
Christopher Stuart DIAMOND OPTIC Dinner Plate 10 1 4 $9.99
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SPDIF IN and OUT Optical Out Plate Cable
SPDIF IN and OUT Optical Out Plate Cable $10.00
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Luncheon Plate Fostoria Blank 2337 Narrow Optic Amber
Luncheon Plate Fostoria Blank 2337 Narrow Optic Amber $5.50
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SILVER PLATED OPTIC CRYSTAL TOP BOTTLE STOPPER FAVOR
SILVER PLATED OPTIC CRYSTAL TOP BOTTLE STOPPER FAVOR $20.77
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Set Of Four Vintage Hex Optic Honey Comb Pattern Depression Glass Lunch Plates
Set Of Four Vintage Hex Optic Honey Comb Pattern Depression Glass Lunch Plates $18.00
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OPTIC CRYSTAL PLATE WITH STAND
OPTIC CRYSTAL PLATE WITH STAND $36.26
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XBOX 360 HDMI AV Optical RCA Adapter Gold Plated Cable Komodo New Cord
XBOX 360 HDMI AV Optical RCA Adapter Gold Plated Cable Komodo New Cord $6.95
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2 Salad Buffet Plates Haviland White Optic Bumps Limoge
2 Salad Buffet Plates Haviland White Optic Bumps Limoge $14.99
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ANCHOR HOCKING BLOCK OPTIC GEEEN BREAD BUTTER PLATE
ANCHOR HOCKING BLOCK OPTIC GEEEN BREAD  BUTTER PLATE $3.99
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Twisted Optic Luncheon Plate Green
Twisted Optic Luncheon Plate Green $0.99
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Northwood JADE BLUE Optic Panel 625 Stretch Glass Plate circa 1924
Northwood JADE BLUE Optic Panel 625 Stretch Glass Plate circa 1924 $29.99
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Donegan Optical Opti Visor Magnifiers Glass Len Plate
Donegan Optical Opti Visor Magnifiers Glass Len Plate $31.99
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circular polarisation problem??

Light of wavelength 550nm is incident on a quartz plate at right angles to the optic axis. What thickness must the plate be to produce circularly plarized light?

(the indices of refraction for quartz are
no = 1.544
n1 = 1.553)

Unpolarized light cannot be polarized by birefrigent plate. You need to specify what is the state of polarization of incident light.

Keys to Cost Effective Optical Design and Tolerancing

As most designers know, optical design software can be a powerful tool. But it's just that, a "tool". The proper interpretation of optimized results is just as important as the input of correct information. That is why experienced designers weigh the advantages and disadvantages of using one lens design code over another prior to any actual design. But with growing industry demands, designers need to incorporate all aspects of production into their design in order to ensure that the final product will be brought successfully to market. Designers need to not only be aware of the nuances of fabrication, assembly, coating, etc, but also with how to integrate costs with the demands of the intended application. Unfortunately, no software provides a subroutine to assure that costs are minimized.

The need to minimize costs is addressed by off-the-shelf catalog lenses, which have the dual advantage of being inexpensive compared to a small custom production run as well as being immediately available. Stock lenses can be integrated into custom multi-element designs, yielding significant cost savings at a marginal sacrifice in performance. In some cases, stock lenses may not be practical for manufacturing a given application but may be suitable for fast prototyping. In addition, the readily available prescription data for most lenses and even many multi-element lenses are encouraging designers to use stock lenses.

Knowledge of manufacturing practices allows designers to construct the most economical solution. By investing some time at a local optics shop, designers can experience firsthand the fabrication techniques employed by an optician. Choices made during the design stage that appear inconsequential can prove to be crucial.

For example, the simple act of making elements equi-convex or equi-concave can eliminate problems and save costs in seemingly unrelated processes such as assembly. Ask any assembler how they feel about lenses that have nearly the same radii on their outer surfaces, and they will tell you stories of multiple tear-downs to correct for lenses mounted in the wrong direction. In order to avoid this added cost select equi-convex or equi-concave lenses. These lenses can also reduce the cost of test plates and reduce production time.

Any design starts with a given application and the known values associated with it. It's the designer's job to solve for the unknowns, typically by regarding certain specifications like radii as variables while holding other values constant. Values typically held constant include: diameter, center thickness, and glass material.

Selecting the Diameter

Once clear apertures have been determined, it is important that designers understand how the lens will be mounted, ground and polished. The final lens diameter should be chosen to accommodate lens mounting.

When mounting on a mechanical inner diameter (based on contact points with the radii), glare may result from light reflecting off a spacer, retainer ring or mounting seat/shelf. In comparison, light reflecting off a larger inner diameter (ID) will be cut-off by the system's aperture. If the element is coated, the diameter of the coating area should be larger than the mounting ID in order to avoid exposure of uncoated lens surface areas.

Typically, elements in the 20 - 40 mm range require a diameter 3 mm larger than the clear aperture diameter. In order to produce repeatable lenses, manufacturers typically use lens blanks (glass in a pre-fabricated state) that are 2mm larger than the specified lens diameter. This method of "oversizing" allows the optician to remove defects during the final centering process. One common defect, called "edge-roll," is a surface deformation that results from the excessive wear that polishing tools exert on the edge of a lens blank.

Another defect, often referred to as "wedge," occurs when the optical and mechanical axes of an element do not coincide. This centration error can be corrected by aligning the centerline of the lens surfaces with a spindle that rotates about the mechanical axis. The blank is then ground down to the final lens diameter, while being aligned with the optical axis. This in turn defines the diameter tolerance.

The deviation angle specification is used to limit the amount of centration error. It is important for a designer to consider deviation angle when reviewing the effect of compounding errors on the alignment of a multi-element system. Not only must each lens be axially aligned, but the optical assembly must also be aligned to the housing.

The main consideration of working with oversized blanks is that the edge thickness of a bi-convex or plano-convex element be smaller than the final lens diameter. The designer can incorporate this consideration into the design process by using lens diameters that are typically 10% - 20% larger than the final diameters, something accomplished by including a minimum edge thickness operand in the merit function of their chosen software.

Selecting the Center Thickness

Typically, a designer will steer designs away from large center thickness values in order to control the material volume, and thus the weight of the final product. Usually as a result of color correction, design software will tend to favor thin lenses with high diameter:center-thickness ratios. If kept below 10:1, the diameter:center-thickness ratio rarely affects cost. When the ratio approaches 15:1, costs begin to rise for low power lenses with longer radii, as well as for meniscus lenses. These types of lenses exhibit "springing" during conventional and high-speed manufacturing. In conventional polishing, lenses are placed on a blocking tool with hot sticky pitch. After polishing, the lenses are removed from the polishing block by chilling the pitch to a brittle state, allowing easy separation from the lens surfaces. Surfaces can deform when stress, introduced in the blocking process, is removed.

For high-speed manufacturing, the effect is manifested differently. Increased speed and pressure causes the lens to oscillate, resulting in deformities and making irregularity (surface shape) difficult to control.

The effect of the diameter:center-thickness ratio on cost can vary by lens shape and is actually less cost sensitive for large negative power lenses. Large negative power lenses also have large edge thickness values that provide support to handle pressures and stress.

Selecting the Glass Material

There is almost as much variety in glass materials as there is in cost of glass. For example, if we assign the most commonly used optical grade glass BK7 an arbitrary cost value of 1, then SF11 would have a price value of 5 while LaSFN30 would be 25. Material properties that can drive up costs include high staining and softness, which are often difficult to work with and which require careful handling. It is important to note that these properties can affect production during both fabrication and coating.

Design software often provides an option to "model" a glass type, allowing index and dispersion values to vary continuously. Although this variation will usually produce quicker results, caution should be used. If this modeling option is selected, the designer must diligently monitor the design to steer it away from expensive and difficult-to-control glass types. Many optical designers will use a personalized glass catalog, usually containing glass types that are less expensive, readily available and possess other desirable characteristics. This method, although slower, may provide for a less expensive design.

Using Tolerancing Schemes

Once the initial design is completed, the designer's next task is to assign appropriate tolerances to the various parameters. Diameter, wedge, power/irregularity and center thickness tolerances all need to be assigned for each element. Design performance will be more sensitive to some of these tolerances, while other areas will be little affected. The designer can use tight tolerances in sensitive areas and permit broader or looser tolerances in other areas. Additionally, many optical shops have varying degrees of success controlling specific tolerances. By getting to know the strengths and weaknesses of various optical shops, as well as their associated costs, designers can streamline the process by directing designs to appropriate vendors.

Tolerancing runs performed by most design software assume Gaussian distribution, with errors equally distributed about the nominal value. However, some parameters tend to be skewed either to the plus or minus end of the scale during manufacturing. Opticians tend to polish lenses on the plus side of a center thickness tolerance. By leaving extra material, the optician can rework lenses should they be damaged during later stages of fabrication.

Another trend is the practice of polishing surfaces on the "low" side. When using a test glass to monitor power tolerances, the optician will avoid center contact in favor of edge contact in order to prevent scratching the polished surface and the test glass. As a result, the power tolerance is cut in half and thus convex/concave surfaces will be flatter/sharper than the nominal value.

Finally, the presentation of the tolerancing must be interpretable by opto-mechanical designers. By emphasizing the sensitive areas of a design, a designer can help ensure a successful opto-mechanical design. Emphasizing axial position over individual spacing tolerances, for instance, can better control fixed flange distance requirements that may suffer due to the "stacking" of individual errors.

There are several other topics that should also be considered. These topics include but are not limited to: coating, surface accuracy (power/irregularity), and surface quality (scratch-dig). By being aware of what goes on after a design is put into production, a designer can be better prepared to integrate the relevant issues before and during the actual design.

References

1. "Understanding Optical Specifications." Tech Spec Bulletin (Issue 5, Volume 4 Winter 1998-99)

2. Russell Hudyma and Michael Thomas, "Reasonable Tolerancing Aids Cost-effective Manufacture of optics." Laser Focus World (May 1991): pgs 183-193.

3. Warren J Smith, "Optical Component Specifications: Avoiding Pitfalls in Setting Tolerances for Optical Components." The Photonics Design and Applications Handbook (1999): pgs 346-349.

About R.L. Fielding

R.L. Fielding is a freelance writer who has written on a wide variety of topics, with special expertise in the education, pharmaceutical and healthcare, financial service and manufacturing industries.

About Edmund Optics

For over 65 years Edmund Optics (EO) has been a leading producer of optics, imaging, and photonics technology. EO’s state of the art manufacturing capabilities combined with its global distribution network earned it the position of the world’s largest supplier of off-the-shelf optical components, including lens kits and near IR cameras for complex machine vision applications. To learn more, visit http://www.edmundoptics.com/.

About the Author

About R.L. Fielding

R.L. Fielding has been a freelance writer for 10 years, offering her expertise and skills to a variety of major organizations in the education, pharmaceuticals and healthcare, financial services, and manufacturing industries. She lives in New Jersey with her dog and two cats and enjoys rock climbing and playing online games.

Mikey Rascal DJ Optic aka MJ Bonkers

Optic Plate

Written by admin

September 28th, 2007 at 6:59 am